Euro Area Macro Data — ECB Datasets (Interest Rates, Inflation, Liquidity)
Download clean European macroeconomic datasets (CSV), access institutional-grade research built from ECB and Eurostat data. Each page provides key statistics, Python/R code examples, and free data downloads — no API key required.
All datasets are updated automatically via the ECB SDMX 2.1 API — daily for market rates, weekly for the Eurosystem balance sheet, monthly for inflation and credit data. Open data under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0).
European macro data is fragmented across ECB, Eurostat, and national sources — with complex SDMX codes. Eco3min cleans, structures, and contextualises it in a single hub, free and open.
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Interest Rates & Yield Curve
ECB policy rates, the euro overnight benchmark, sovereign yields across the curve, and the real (inflation-adjusted) policy stance.
10 datasets · Updated daily & monthly
€STR — Euro Short-Term Rate (2019–2026)
The ECB’s risk-free overnight benchmark. Volume-weighted trimmed mean of unsecured overnight borrowing by euro area banks. Replaced EONIA in Oct 2019.
- ECB series EST — updated daily
- 1,650+ observations
- CSV download · No API key needed
ECB Deposit Facility Rate (1999–2026)
The floor of the ECB interest rate corridor — and since Sep 2023, the primary operational policy rate. From −0.50% to 4.00%.
- 67 rate changes since 1999
- Event-based (date of change)
- CSV download
ECB Main Refinancing Rate — MRO (1999–2026)
The traditional ECB policy rate — weekly lending to banks against collateral. Now 15 bps above the Deposit Facility Rate.
- ECB series FM — event-based
- Corridor width narrowed Sep 2024
- CSV download
Marginal Lending Facility Rate (1999–2026)
The ceiling of the ECB corridor — emergency overnight borrowing. Now 40 bps above the Deposit Facility Rate.
- ECB series FM — event-based
- CSV download
Euro Area 10Y Yield — AAA (2004–2026)
AAA-rated euro area government bond yield curve — 10-year spot rate. The European risk-free benchmark (Svensson model).
- ECB Yield Curve — updated daily
- CSV download
Euro Area 10Y Yield — All Issuers (2004–2026)
All-issuers yield curve (all ratings). The GDP-weighted sovereign borrowing cost — includes Italy, Spain, France alongside AAA issuers.
- ECB Yield Curve — updated daily
- CSV download
Germany 10Y Government Bond Yield (1993–2026)
The Bund — the euro area risk-free benchmark. Long-term convergence criterion rate. All sovereign spreads are measured against this.
- ECB/IRS — updated monthly
- CSV download
Italy 10Y Government Bond Yield (1993–2026)
The BTP — the euro area’s primary sovereign risk barometer. The BTP-Bund spread is the most tracked fragmentation indicator.
- ECB/IRS — updated monthly
- CSV download
France 10Y Government Bond Yield (1993–2026)
The OAT — the second largest euro sovereign. OAT-Bund spread widened sharply in 2024 amid French fiscal and political uncertainty.
- ECB/IRS — updated monthly
- CSV download
Real Deposit Facility Rate (1999–2026)
Composite: DFR minus HICP headline inflation. Was −7% in 2022 despite hikes. Now positive (~0.5%) for the first time since 2013.
- Eco3min composite — updated monthly
- CSV download
Inflation & Prices
HICP headline, core, services, food — the ECB’s target measure and its sub-components. Plus the index level for inflation-adjusting European data.
5 datasets · Updated monthly
HICP Headline Inflation (1997–2026)
The ECB’s price stability target measure. Annual rate of change. Peak: 10.6% (Oct 2022). The number that drives every Governing Council decision.
- ECB/Eurostat series ICP — 348 observations
- 2% symmetric target
- CSV download
HICP Core — Ex Food & Energy (1997–2026)
The underlying inflation signal. Stickier than headline — driven by services (~60% weight). The measure that determines the pace of rate cuts.
- Range: 0.2% to 5.7%
- CSV download
HICP Services Inflation (1997–2026)
The stickiest HICP component — ~45% of the basket. Reflects wages, rents, and domestic demand. Persistently above 3% since 2023.
- CSV download
HICP Food Inflation (1997–2026)
Food including alcohol and tobacco — volatile component driven by agricultural commodity prices and energy costs (fertilizers, transport).
- CSV download
HICP Index Level (1996–2026)
The index level (2015=100) — use this to inflation-adjust any European asset price, compute custom period inflation, or deflate nominal series.
- CSV download
Liquidity & Monetary Policy
Eurosystem balance sheet, M3 money supply — the plumbing of the euro area financial system.
3 datasets · Updated weekly & monthly
Eurosystem Total Assets (1999–2026)
The European WALCL — from ~€700B to €8.8T peak (2022). APP, PEPP, TLTROs, and all Eurosystem operations. The QE/QT tracker.
- ECB/ILM — updated weekly
- 1,420+ observations
- CSV download
M3 Money Supply — Stock (1980–2026)
Euro area monetary aggregate M3 — outstanding amounts. The ECB’s reference variable for monetary analysis. Currently ~€17.3T.
- ECB/BSI — updated monthly
- CSV download
M3 Growth Rate — YoY (1981–2026)
Annual growth rate of M3. Contracted in 2023 for the first time in euro era history. Now recovering at ~3.3%.
- ECB/BSI — updated monthly
- CSV download
Credit & Sovereign Spreads
Bank lending to the real economy, sovereign fragmentation indicators — the transmission mechanism of ECB policy.
4 datasets · Updated monthly
Bank Loans to Households (2003–2026)
MFI loans to euro area households — ~75% housing loans. The direct transmission channel of ECB rate policy to the real economy.
- ECB/BSI — updated monthly
- CSV download
Bank Loans to Non-Financial Corps (2003–2026)
MFI loans to NFCs. EU firms are ~70% bank-financed (vs ~30% in the US). The most direct credit cycle measure for Europe.
- ECB/BSI — updated monthly
- CSV download
Italy–Germany 10Y Spread (1993–2026)
BTP-Bund spread — the primary euro area fragmentation indicator. 550+ bps in 2011 crisis, ~70 bps currently. Inversely correlated with ECB credibility.
- Eco3min composite — updated monthly
- CSV download
France–Germany 10Y Spread (1993–2026)
OAT-Bund spread — widened sharply in 2024 amid French fiscal and political instability. A new fragmentation risk for the euro area.
- Eco3min composite — updated monthly
- CSV download
Real Economy & Activity
GDP, industrial production, unemployment — the hard data that defines the European business cycle.
3 datasets · Updated monthly & quarterly
Euro Area GDP (1995–2026)
Real GDP (chain linked volume, seasonally adjusted). The headline measure for the 20-country monetary union.
- ECB/MNA — updated quarterly
- CSV download
Euro Area Unemployment Rate (1998–2026)
Record low 6.2% in early 2026. Wide dispersion: Spain ~11% vs Germany ~3.5%. The divergence within the monetary union.
- ECB/Eurostat LFSI — updated monthly
- CSV download
Euro Area Industrial Production (1991–2026)
Total industry excluding construction. In structural decline relative to services — down ~5% from 2018 peak.
- ECB/Eurostat STS — updated monthly
- CSV download
All ECB Datasets (A–Z)
Complete alphabetical index of all 25 datasets. Each page includes key statistics, CSV download, Python/R code examples, and ECB series key.
- Bank Loans to Households (2003–2026)
- Bank Loans to Non-Financial Corps (2003–2026)
- ECB Deposit Facility Rate (1999–2026)
- ECB Main Refinancing Rate (1999–2026)
- ECB Marginal Lending Facility Rate (1999–2026)
- Euro Area 10Y Yield — AAA (2004–2026)
- Euro Area 10Y Yield — All Issuers (2004–2026)
- Euro Area GDP (1995–2026)
- Euro Area HICP Core Inflation (1997–2026)
- Euro Area HICP Food Inflation (1997–2026)
- Euro Area HICP Headline Inflation (1997–2026)
- Euro Area HICP Index Level (1996–2026)
- Euro Area HICP Services Inflation (1997–2026)
- Euro Area Industrial Production (1991–2026)
- Euro Area M3 Growth Rate — YoY (1981–2026)
- Euro Area M3 Money Supply (1980–2026)
- Euro Area Real Deposit Facility Rate (1999–2026)
- Euro Area Unemployment Rate (1998–2026)
- €STR — Euro Short-Term Rate (2019–2026)
- Eurosystem Total Assets (1999–2026)
- France 10Y Government Bond Yield (1993–2026)
- France–Germany 10Y Spread (1993–2026)
- Germany 10Y Government Bond Yield (1993–2026)
- Italy 10Y Government Bond Yield (1993–2026)
- Italy–Germany 10Y Spread (1993–2026)
Data Source & Access
All data sourced from the ECB Data Portal via the SDMX 2.1 REST API. No API key, no authentication, no rate limit issues.
API endpoint: data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data
License: ECB open data — free reuse with attribution. CC BY 4.0.
Related Hubs
This ECB hub complements the US-focused macro data:
Cite This Data
Licensed under CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution.